The plows used by the wly settlers had but one handle, and no one at- tempted to make a straight furrow. For forty years these crude and primitive implements were used, but in 1810 two-handled plows were introduced." ' ' ‘

Grain was cut with scythes and sickles, and threshed by beating it with flails on a wooden floor as Boaz did in the days of Ruth. Some farmers had hand-operated farmers to separate thegrain from the chaff. Others made use of nature's winds.

The firstthreshing nnchine arrivedin 1828 andwasdriven bya trad mill. a cumbersome machine that developed power by horses walking on an inclined, endless belt. It was a dangerous engine; for sometimes the brake mechanism would fail, and the horses would go faster and faster until. at a wild gallop, a fall might result in broken legs or necks, or a worker might be severely injured, or even killed, in attempting to save the mill and the terrified animals.

The first reaper appeared in the 1830's. This wonderful machine did not attempt to tie the straw into sheaves, and it was necessary for the harvesters to bind them with wisps of twisted straw. (Brehaut 61)

It was also in 1841 that a census was done on the island. In it, the follow- ing entry appears.

1841 CENSUS James Doyle 8R.C.'s 2 persons paid own 1.0'1'48 passage

3 Persons native to Ireland 5 Persons native to P.E.1. 100 acres of land 40 arable produced last year; 60 bushels wheat 50 bushels barley 200 bushels oats 650 bushels potatoes 6 horses 8 nut cattle 15 sheep 7 hogs.

‘These farmers had no road 4 miles from Ch'town by water, 8 by land." 5 yrs of lease expired 20 yr lase Rent in currencyé shillings Quality of land: 2nd best quality

(The only mysterious thing here is that there were three persons native to Ireland I have checked later census for Margaret, the oldest child, and found her a native of P.Ix'.l., not Ireland)

Although they had no road, access to the water yve them a number of advantages. As a mans of transportation the river proved very useful. For that reason farms that bordered on the river were more valuable. On the falling tide they could nuke a trip to Charlottetown a lot more easily by rowboat than overland with a horse and cart. They would make use of the rising tide to return