Prince Edward Island

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EOGRAPHICAL SITUATION.——In the great bay of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, and separated from the continent by the Northumberland Strait, lies the

Province of Prince Edward Island—the “low and beautiful land” that Cartier saw in 1534. It is situated between 46° and 47° 7' north latitude and 62° and 64° 27' west longitude, and is distant from New Brunswick at the nearest point nine miles, from Nova Scotia fifteen miles, and from Cape Breton thirty miles. In form, the Island is an irregular crescent, concaved toward the north, with such an exceedingly indented coastline that no part of the country is far distant from the sea. The principal high lands are a chain of hills which traverse the country north and south between DeSable and New London Bay. The Island is 140 miles long, from two to thirty-four miles wide, and contains an area of about 2,184 square miles or 1,397,991 acres.

Geological Features—The rocks of Prince Edward Island consist mainly of beds of red, brown and grey sand- stone and red clay shale, with “ layers of coarse concretionary limestone and fossil plants.” The disintegrated red sandstone