@riqce Edward 80

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,Two herds are kept—Shorthorn and Ayrshire. In 1901,

experimental work with field crops was begun. From ten to fifteen of the leading varieties of the different field crops are grown side by side, and comparative tests made. Experi- ments have also been conducted in the selection of seed, in new fodder crops, and in regard to the best dates for seed- ing. In 1902 an experimental orchard was established at the farm, where upwards of forty varieties of apples, ten kinds of plums, and a smaller number of pears and cherries, are being grown for test purposes.

Model Orchards.~1n addition to the orchard at the farm, eight experimental orchards, each one acre in extent, have been set at points throughout the country. It is pro- posed to have these cultivated in a proper manner, and kept as model orchards for public inspection.

Agricultural Legislation—In 1901 an act was passed (with an amendment in 1903) establishing a department of agriculture as a branch of the government service. This department is under the management of a commissioner of agriculture and a secretary. The legislature also expends considerable amounts each year for the encouragement of the industry. Much useful knowledge pertaining to all branches of agriculture, .is disseminated throughout the country; and the results accruing from this wise govern— mental policy have been great.

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Jflora anti fauna

*Flora.~—“The sandstone swells of Prince Edward Island are everywhere clothed \\ ith a rich and varied vegetation. Its flora is much the same as spreads over the rest of Eastern Canada, but its dry and fertile soil produces a greater abun- dance of deciduous forest trees and the flowering plants which usually accompany them.

*Bain's Natural History of Prince Edward Island : Haszard S; Moore; 1890.