and cheese made per year per family were noted). When an animal was killed, the extra meat would be salted in crocks for the winter, and bacon and hams cured and smoked. The census tells us how many barrels of salt herring and mackerel each family put by for the winter, and how many gallons of fish oil they made. We also know how many bushels of potatoes, oats, barley, wheat and turnips, and how many tons of hay, and pounds of clover seed, each farm produced. The eggs and butter produced by each family were the farm wife's perquisites, as were the wild cranberries picked by the family; she would take them to market, or to the store, to sell, or to barter for tea, sugar and molasses. Of equal importance with food, for survival in this cold climate, was a roof over one's head. The first homes were built of logs, either in the round, chinked with moss, seaweed, and/or clay, or squared and fitted. Sister Cecelia MacAulay gives a good description of the MacAulay log house, situated to the east of , in what is now the . When the MacAulays came to Stanhope , in the early 1800 s , the house was already there, said to have been built by the Lawsons, previous owners of the land; had it been situated farther west, this house might have been the original Farm house, built by David Lawson and later occupied by the Bovyer family. Sister Cecelia tells us: ??? The logs had been squared with an adze, laid one on top of the other, dovetailed and fastened together with wooden pegs. The nails used in boarding the roof had been made in a forge. There was a large flue in the centre of the house that must have been about eight feet square. It was built of sandstone and was divided into two sections ??? one opened into the kitchen, the other into the parlour. The kitchen side had a large hearth, above which was suspended a crane fitted with big iron hooks of various lengths, on which hung pots for cooking. The other side was an open fire-place, finished in brick by later MacAulays . It was fitted with andirons to support huge logs, which made a bright cheerful fire in cold weather. Five generations of MacAulays lived in this house; there were 11 children in Sister Cecelia 's family. Very regrettably, when the land was expropriated by the in 1937, the log house was demolished, and ... the place thereof knows it no more. There is a tradition, supported by horse-tethering rings let into the wall, that this house was used as a traveller's rest in the late 1700 s and early 1800 s; food was supposed to be supplied for travellers, with marsh hay from around for their horses. As saw mills and shingle mills came into being, following the two- man saw pit, the loghouses were replaced by wood frame buildings; sometimes, as at Point Pleasant , the log house was incorporated into the new one, which was built round it (see Stanhope Beach Lodge in 26