Stewart MacDonald , M.D. the cars got in these ruts it was very hard for them to get out. This meant that things had to be changed. May I add in passing that people had to drive on the left side of the road. I recall that when they decided to drive to the right, it was hard to train horses to pass on the right, but as the lives of horses are quite limited this difficulty soon passed. Roads were cut down, ditches were made, and steel road machines came into use. Duncan Blue used to handle the big wheel to raise and lower the blades. It took about six horses to pull the machine. I can recall in the early days there were some woods in the middle of the road at Jimmie Dixon's. You could go on either side. That is when the faster horses got ahead on the way from church. Culverts and bridges were all made of wood; galvanized ones came much later. There were no snow ploughs in those days. The men had to get out and shovel the deep snow banks mostly at Blue's, MacPherson's and Dixon's hills. Next, they would have to take their horses out to make a path for the mailman. This was a statute law which no one tried to avoid. Their taxes included working on the roads each spring and to cut bushes. Labour requirements were one day for a man, one day for a horse and a half day for a dog. 114