Rowe, J. S. (1959) Forest Regions of Canada: Based on W. E. D. Halliday’s "A Forest Classification for Canada” 1937. Canada Department of Northern Affairs and Natural Resources, Forestry Branch, Bulletin 123. [A minor revision (with the map unchanged) was published in 1972 as Canadian Forestry Service Publication Number 1300.]

in 195.9 J. S. Rowe of the federal Forestry Branch revised and updated Hall/day’s 7937 ’Forest Classification for Canada’ as a new publication. He gave more precise definitions to the two concepts used by Hall/day: Forest Region — ”a major geographic belt or zone, characterized vegetation/y by a broad uniformity both in physiognomy and in the composition of the dominant tree species ”; and Forest Section — ”a subdivision of the Region, conceived as a geographic area possessing an individuality which is expressed relative to other Sections in a distinctive patterning of vegetation and of physiography”. Rowe ’3 overall boundary for the Acadian Forest Region was virtually the same as Hall/day’s; however, he increased the Region’s seven Forest Sections to thirteen — one of these comprising Prince Edward Island (see Figure 3/. Though there are differences in detail, the boundaries of Rowe ’5 Forest Sections bear a general similarity to those of Loucks’l 796 7) Ecoregions — indicative of either cross- ferti/ization or common sources of information — Loucks does refer to Rowe ’5 report which was published two years before. However, because Rowe grouped all of the island ’s forests into a single separate Section, his work, unlike that of Loucks, contributes little to the study of the internal variation in the island '3 forests, nor to their relationship with the forests of the mainland.

REFERENCES: Halliday, W. E. D. (1937) A Forest Classification for Canada. Canada Department of Mines and Resources (Lands, Parks and Forests Branch), Forest Service — Bulletin 89. 50 pp.

Loucks, O. L. (1961) A Forest Classification For The Maritime Provinces. Proceedings of the Nova Scotia Institute of Science. Vol. 25, Part 2: 85467.

Acadian Forest Region

Over the greater part of the Maritime Provinces there is a forest closely related to the Great Lakes—St. Lawrence Forest Region and, to a lesser extent, the Boreal Forest Region. Red spruce is a characteristic though not exclusive species, and associated with it are balsam fir, yellow birch and sugar maple, with some red

Decline in beech. pine, eastern white pine and eastern hemlock. Beech was formerly a more important forest constituent than at present, for the beech bark disease has drastically reduced its abundance in Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island and southern New Brunswick. White spruce has increased in importance since the turn of the century by its widespread invasion of abandoned farmland. Other species of wide distribution are the black spruce, red oak, white elm, black ash, red maple, white birch, grey birch, trembling aspen and balsam poplar. Eastern white cedar though present in New Brunswick is extremely rare elsewhere and jack pine is apparently absent from the upper Saint John Valley and only occasional in the western half of Nova Scotia.

[p. 11 of 1972 edition]

[Forest Section] A. 8 — Prince Edward Island

Pre-sett/ement The Island is practically all farmed and very little of the original vegetation is left. forest. However, it appears that formerly the forest cover was predominantly deciduous, and that sugar maple, beech and yellow birch had a wide distribution.

The west and In the west, and along the north shore, conifers are prominent on upland flats and "0’”? 3’70’9- in broad valley bottoms. Here forest stands of white spruce, black spruce, balsam fir and tamarack are usual. Also present are red maple, and occasional eastern white pine, red spruce, eastern white cedar and eastern hemlock. On the

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